Credential records flowing from a laptop to a Telegram paper-plane symbol

Exfiltration over Telegram Bots: Skidding Infostealer Logs

An investigation of Telegram bot exfiltration, infostealer log formats, and the visibility those records provide.

Research article · October 16, 2024
A metallic spider on a chip beside encrypted fragments and exposed circuit paths

Hunting PrivateLoader: The Malware Behind InstallsKey PPI Service

Tracing changes in PrivateLoader protocols and string obfuscation, with YARA and Suricata detection.

Research article · February 27, 2024
A blue-lit keyboard with identity records flowing through email to connected devices

Data Insights on AgentTesla and OriginLogger Victims

Configuration and infection-data analysis of AgentTesla and OriginLogger, including their exfiltration methods.

Research article · January 9, 2024
A malicious email linked to proxy nodes, a processor, and mining coins

Tofsee Botnet: Proxying and Mining

Investigating the proxying, spam, and cryptocurrency-mining activity of the modular Tofsee botnet.

Research article · March 28, 2023
A bird escaping a cage beside layers opening to reveal a circuit core

Unpacking Colibri Loader: A Russian APT-linked Campaign

A Colibri Loader unpacking walkthrough covering anti-analysis techniques, string decryption, and YARA detection.

Research article · November 30, 2022
A loader distributing different payloads through branching connections

Tracking PrivateLoader: Malware Distribution Service

Tracking PrivateLoader delivery chains and identifying 30 malware families in the collected payloads.

Research article · August 31, 2022
Two memory stacks combining to unlock hidden data inspected through a magnifying glass

Decrypting and Hunting PrivateLoader

Building a PrivateLoader string decryptor and YARA rule from a stack-based XOR pattern.

Technical walkthrough · June 6, 2022 · 4 min read